Measurements of the Density and Viscosity of Heavy Oil and Water-in-Oil Emulsions Over a Wide Temperature Range

Density and dynamic viscosity of extra viscous heavy crude oil water-in-oil (W/O) suspensions based on Ashalchinskaya (Tatarstan, Russian Federation) have been measured as a function temperature concentration water at atmospheric pressure. The measurements were made temperatures from (293 to 463) for density 367) K with various concentrations (from 0 % 30 volume fraction). Measurements using modified hydrostatic weighing falling body techniques viscosity. combined expanded uncertainty the density, viscosity, pressure, 0.95 confidence level coverage factor k = 2 is estimated be $$U\left( \rho \right)$$ 0.16 \eta 1.0 %, P T 0.02 K, respectively. reliability accuracy new experimental method correct operation apparatus was confirmed different methods (pycnometric, capillary flow, commercial standard instruments, Brookfield rotational viscometer). effect values W/O studied. Using dry oil, effective viscosities several synthetic emulsions are pressure instrument, viscometer technique shear rates, fractions dispersed phase. correlation equations describing phase fraction developed. A number factors such content, rate, stress, their effects assessed.